：“一元化领导”是指( )。

【名词&注释】

新价值观(new values)、行政机关(administrative organ)、一元化领导(unified leadership)、各部门(different sectors)、层级制(determination of hierarchy)

[单选题]：“一元化领导”是指( )。

A. 首长制
B. 层级制^{(determination of hierarchy)}
C. 完整制
D. 分离制

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学习资料：

[单选题]Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:

A. Passage Two
B. What new values should Americans adopt? This is a very difficult question to answer. Certainly, a greater value should be placed on the conservation of natural reasources; Americans should learn to use less and waste less. But conservation has never been a strong value to Americans, who have believed that their country offered an endless,abundant supply of natural resources.
C. Furthermore,the need to protect the environment may conflict with the need for jobs,as in the Northwest ,where conservationists battle lumber companies that want to cut down ancient redwood trees. A belief in the value of conservation is still compared with other American values; it can become stronger only as Americans see the need for it more clearly.
D. The American idea of the national good has never been based on national cooperation but rather on the freedom of the individual, maintaining those conditions that provide the greatest freedom and prosperity for the individual .
E. For example ,although the majority of Americans believe that it is extremely important to balance the national budget and reduce the deficit, they do not want to see cuts in government programs that benefit them personaliy.
F. Competition sometimes encourages feelings of suspicion rather than the mutual trust that is necessary for successful national cooperation. Although Americans often cooperate successfully on the local level-in neighborhood groups and churches, for example, on the national level, they may see themselves as part of an interest group that is competing with other interest groups for government funds. A request by the national government for shared sacrifice may be seen as coercive and destructive rather than voluntary and constructive. However, the demands for the 21st century may compel Americans to place a greater value on national cooperation to solve problems that affect them all, directly and indirectly.
H. Which is Better, New Value or Old Value?
I. Conservation vs. Need for Jobs
J. The Need for New National Values
K. Cooperation and Competition

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